UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES

ROBERT O. KELLEY, President, University of North Dakota

JOSHUA WYNNE, Vice President for Health Affairs and Dean, School of Medicine and Health Sciences

EDITOR Denis MacLeod

WRITERS  Denis MacLeod, Gary Niemeier, Juan Pedraza, Laura Scholz, Jessica Sobolik
CONTRIBUTORS  Alexander Cavanaugh, Shelley Pohlman
GRAPHIC DESIGN Laura Cory, John Lee, Victoria Swift
PHOTOGRAPHY  Chuck Kimmerle, Wanda Weber 
COVER ART Chuck Kimmerle

www.ndmedicine.org

WEBMASTER Eric Walter

NORTH DAKOTA MEDICINE (ISSN 0888-1456; USPS 077-680) is published five times a year (January March, June, August, November) by the University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Room 1106, 501 N. Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037.
Periodical postage paid at Grand Forks, ND.

Printed at Forum Communications, Fargo, ND. 

All articles published in NORTH DAKOTA MEDICINE, excluding photographs and copy concerning patients, can be reproduced without prior permission from the editor.